"Big Reverse Incident: Ambrane of Dead and Shengsheng", [Day] Tanaka is still, Zang Zhijun translated, Shanghai Translation Publishing House published in November 2023, published in November 2023 , Page 424, 68.00 yuan
In 1911, I was on the road of commuting at Qingying Yiluo University and saw a prison car one by one dried along the road of the city. Court.There are no more disgusting things in all kinds of things I have seen and heard.As a writer engaged in literature, it is difficult to remain silent on this ideological issue.But isnt the novelist Zora just because he was forced to exile abroad because of the sound of justice of the "Drafos Incident"?So, like the literati in the world, I said nothing.I feel that I cant bear this kind of pain in my conscience, and I feel ashamed of myself and a literati.
——Tongjing Hefeng "Flower Fire"
In 1911, Yongjinghe Wind was just 32 years old.A year ago, with the recommendation of Moriou Waihe and Shangtian Min, Yongjing Hefeng, who traveled in Europe and the United States for many years, obtained his faculty at Qingying University. At that time, his residence in Shigu was not far from Tokyo Prison.What he described in the essay "Flower Fire" was the scene where the defendants were detained from Tokyo Prison to the court from Tokyo Prison to the court.
The so -called "big inverse incident" refers to a political case that the Japanese government fabricated by the Japanese government from 1910 to 1911 to suppress domestic anarchist and socialist.In May 1910, the Police of Nagano County arrested four people involved in the parties including Gong Shita Taiji, Kono Kaga, Zhongcun Zhongxiong, and Gu He Liluo in the crime of "illegally holding explosives". Explosion experiments.During the interrogation, the police found that there had been a bold idea of using a bomb to attack the emperor, so the case was raised from a general criminal law case to a major crime to murder the monarch.According to the laws of the pre -war war, all criminal acts and attempted criminal behaviors of the emperor himself and the direct royal family can be punished.After discovering the apex and socialist background of Taiji and others, the Japanese government and the police used this incident as an excuse. Without actual evidence, they began to arrest well -known unknown non -governmentalism across the country. Socialist.At that time, the famous socialist scholars, Xingde Qiushui, Mori Mori, Ao Gong Jianzhizhi, Dashi Chengzhi, and Narishi Pinlang, and other 26 people were arrested.Among them, most people either have only a few faces with the four people including Gong Xiaji, or they do not know it at all. The intersection or common ground only is that they are "socialists or unwillingness believers."The reason why Xingde Qiushui was implicated, even listed as the first conspiracy, in addition to because he and Guan Nasako, who directly participated in the explosion plan, was in a de facto marriage, but also because of his loud reputation in the Japanese ideological and cultural circles at that time, as well as The prestige among socialist and uncontrolist believers.Professor Massem of Waseda University summarizes in the "History of the History of the Early Socialist Thought in Japan": "A survey of the" Big Reverse Incident "was finally expanded according to the plot of the story booked at the beginning. The scope of the suspect who was prosecuted ... and Xingde Qiushui was assigned by the prosecutors role of this big conspiracy. "In fact, according to a series of research on the" big inverse incident ", this is Behind the scenes, there were friends of the old mountain county of politics at that time.
"The History of the History of the Early Socialist Thought in Japan"
According to the law of Japanese at the time, The trial of "Great Crime" is not disclosed, and it is not applicable to the "three instance system". Instead, it is directly judged by the Grand Audit Institute (Supreme Court) and cannot appeal.During the secret trial of the case, the lawyer who knew Xingde Qiushui and others was repaired, and the famous short -song poet Ishikawa Mikawa was able to understand the inside of the case.After reading a series of court trials such as Xingde Qiushui in prison, Ishikawa Woodpecker pointed out very keenly: The essence of the "big inverse incident" is "ideological suppression."For this reason, he was indignant. During the trial of the "Big Reverse Incident", he wrote to his friends to confess his heart: "I have hesitated whether I claim to be a socialist, but I no longer hesitate." Since then, he has begun to start. Systematically read the work of the famous anarchist Kru Bubin.
The entire trial process also confirms the judgment of Ishikawa Woodpecker.In the case of obvious lack of essential evidence, the judges of the Grand Auditors have performed the so -called "trial" according to the "script" provided by the police and prosecutors.This major case involved in many defendants has only conducted a trial of less than one month without disclosure, and no witnesses were summoned during the trial.In the end, the Grand Auditors sentenced to the death penalty of twenty -four defendants (the twelve people were cut to life imprisonment), and the other two sentenced the imprisonment of illegally holding explosives.Because the so -called "big counterattack" judgment was not allowed to appeal, the preliminary trial was the final trial. Only seven days later, twelve defendants, including Xingde Qiushui, were executed.
Because of the anger of this upside -down trial, Ishikawa Woodpecker wrote eight poems with the theme of "Big Reverse Incident" in 1911.The style of these poems is completely different from his early privatization poems, and instead calls on young people to take action.One of the long poems entitled "Endless Discussion", who wrote it at the beginning:
We are studying, we argue.
But the light shining in our eyes
It cannot be compared with Russian youth 50 years ago.We discuss what we have to do.
But no one, holding his hands into a fist, knocking on his table, and shouting vnarod loudly!
"V Narod" is the motion slogan of the Russian Civil Revolutionary Around 1874, which means "go to the people".
In fact, in the Japanese intellectuals at the time, he held questions about the "big inverse incident" and even resented.Anyone who has some common sense or ability to distinguish between judicial common sense believes that this case is completely a cruel farce dominated by the country.Even Wen Hao Sen, who had "identity in the system" and served as the director of the military and medical at the time, said that the characters in the short stories "The cafeteria" said: Since you think that some anarchist is to die, then it should be in the instead of death. Give them deliciously in the prison and make them live a hundred years old.
The famous writer Defu Luhua was arrested and prison after he learned that he was arrested and prison, and he lowered his head to the brother who had already cut off the relationship -the famous right -wing scholar Defu Sufeng wrote to plead Because of the "royal nationalism" drum player, Defu Sufeng had a deep friendship with the senior officials of Japan at that time, especially the veterans.In addition, Defu Luhua even wrote a direct complaint of "to the Emperor", naively hoping that Emperor Meiji could give Xing Deqiu Shui and others for amnesty.After learning that the death penalty was "executed as usual", the annoyed Defu Luhua did not "say nothing" as Yongjing Hefeng, but went to the first higher school on February 1, 1911 (the elite of Japan at the time at the time of Japan (the elite of Japan at the time The school, referred to as "one high"), delivered a shocking speech.The speech is based on the title of "Turns for Rebellion", and publicly criticized the national machine to fabricate the "big inverse incident":
It is a snake swallowing frogs, very insidious and cold ... Maybe they are considering for the country, but from the perspective of God, this is undoubtedly murder and murder.Through the death penalty to intimidate the citizens, and then the twelve people who pardoned them came a little bit, and the remaining twelve people were sentenced to punishment suddenly -no, not the assassination, it was assassination, it was assassination.
The news report of the "Tokyo Asahi Shimbun" on the "Big Reverse Incident"
More Sadly, the victims who were executed for the crime of "do not have" must endure the states persecution after death.The authorities do not allow the survivors to set up a tombstone for them or to commemorate the grave sweeping. In an attempt to eliminate all the traces they had existed, and let them carry the name of the so -called "national thief".Those who are fortunate to continue to endure discrimination and persecution applied by the state in their lives.In October 1947, with the defeat and surrender of Japan and the emperor himself published the "Abandoned God" Declaration, the terms of the "great reverse crime" also revoked from the criminal law.However, the victims in the "Incident" did not receive apology and compensation at the national level.
In the 1960s, the beginning of the "conference that reveals the truth of the" reverse incident "", the social movement that promoted the retrial of the case.In 1964, the Japanese Lawyers Federation established a comforting tower of the victim of mourning the "big inverse incident" at the old site of the execution ground in the Tokyo Prison.A few years later, the Supreme Court of Japan made a judgment in 1967, saying: "This case is a event caused by special cases before the war and cannot be compared with the current legal system. Re -trial. "In fact, the requirements for retrial are rejected.Nevertheless, the original committees of the "big inverse incident" and the subsequent influence have never stopped.Among them, the series of historical investigations and the most representative of investigating reporters and non -fictional writers Tanaka.
Since 1997, Tanaka Shenshang has begun a historical survey that is surrounded by the survivors of the "great inverse incident" victims and his surrounding personnel.In the book "Big Reverse Incident: The Group of Death and Life", he portrayed 26 defendants and future generations of the incident how to face the national crime.At the same time, Tanaka also described in detail how this injustice was manufactured and how to be vindicated through a series of investigations, showing the cruelty of Japanese national machines at that time.Through this visit to the century -long time and space, Tanaka exposed the threat and fear of the absolute emperor system and extreme nationalism in the process of modernization of Japan after the Meiji Restoration.
In fact, Tanakas monograph on the "big inverse incident", in addition to the "Big Reverse Event: Dead and Shengzhuang", there are many parts.The newly recent works are "The death of a grain of wheat: the" Big Reverse Incident "of Lawyer Mori Ying Saburo" (a "の の 新 し て て-弁 Nurse ・ ・ の の の の の の の, Iwa Bookstore, 2019) EssenceIn this unique biography, the perspective of Tanaka focuses on lawyers who devoted himself to the retrial of the "Big Reverse Incident" retrial after the war. The "great inverse incident" had a long -term impact on Japanese society.In Tanakas own words: "The" Dajie Incident of the Meiji "has not come to an end with the conversion of the century, and it has not yet ended. ->
"The Death of a Mai" Japanese version of the book
In 2001, it was unanimously adopted to recover six from the New Palace City Council of Gelshan County. The Declaration of Jizhous "Great Incident" defendant.In 2011, 400,000 cities in Gaozhi County, Gaozhi County, Xingde Qiushui held a "National Liaison Conference on Human Rights of the Lochered Incident" victims.The declaration approved by this meeting wrote: "We need to keep in mind forever, the" great inverse incident "is a national crime. It overlaps with the history of swallowing South Korea and invading Asia." In the same year, the Japanese Lawyers Federation also issued an open letter The Japanese government is required to take practical measures to restore the reputation of the victims of the "great inverse incident".
When the states judicial system evades the responsibility of correcting the wrong judgment in history, people of insight in all sectors of society must ensure that the real historical facts can be remembered and inherited.Tanakas series of studies represented by the "Big Reverse Incident: The Group of Death and Sumi", which is of this, is here.
