Recently, the 46th World Heritage of UNESCO held in New Delhi, India recentlyAt the conference, the "Masterpiece of the Beijing Middle Axis -The Masterpiece of the Oktop City of China" was officially included in the World Heritage List.
Beijings central axis from Yongdingmen, north to Bell and Drum Tower, including Tiananmen, Forbidden City, Jingshan, Wanning Bridge and other heritage buildings.Essence
Beijing mid -axis building not only has reasonable layout, beautiful shapes, and strong culture, but also contains the beauty of science.Below, lets approach the central axis of Beijing together and realize the science beauty of the architecture.
The picture is centered. 2->
Tianyuan Place
√2 The beauty of mathematics
√2 is unreasonable, and the approximate value of its algebra solution is 1.414. "> The facade of the ancient building of the Forbidden City is mostly related to √2. For Ruhe Halls building height is 26.1 meters, and the height of the roof part is 18.54 meters, and the ratio of the two is 26.10: 18.54 = 1.41≈√2. /p>
From the perspective of proportional composition, the size of the building facade of the Taihe Hall is composed of 3 parts in the size of the length direction. Draw circles separately, √2 is the proportion of long sides of the quadrilateral and short -sides of the circle. , Fang and Yuan are cleverly fused in the facade of the building to form the beauty of the architecture of the Taihe Hall. The use of √2 (Figures/ weekly)
√2 The length ratio of the length and width of the two squares is not the length and width ratio of an isolated square. People feel comfortable visual effects, highlighting the tall and solemnity of the roof of the Taihe Hall. The universe view is closely related. In the earliest mathematics and astronomical works in my country, the "Zhou Ying Sutra" contains "Fang Foundation, Yuanshen, Tianyuan", which means that the party is used for observation ground, round mathematical andpass. It is used to observe the sky, that is, the place of the sky. The wonderful thing is that when the diameter of the circle is taken in the inside and outside, the approximate "area = perimeter" has achieved the unity of "shape" and "numbers", mathematics and aesthetics. >
√2 The relationship between round and quadrilateral (picture/ weekly) < p ID = "35095r21"> Seismic ability
The physical beauty of the tenon -and -mortise nodes
The so -called tenon and tenon (sǔn mǎo), that is, two interconnected components, one of which extends one section at the end of the component, called the tenon; the other part of the component is reserved, called the mouth.The tenon is inserted into the mouth of the cricket, which constitutes a tenon -and -mortise node, also known as tenon -and -mortise connection.The tenon -and -mortise nodes used in the ancient building beams and columns in the middle axis in Beijing.The structural characteristics of the tsomech -tailed mortise are: the tenon of the ends of the ends (the horizontal component of the upper end of the pillar in the middle of the ancient building) is processed into a tunan type, and the mouth of the pillar top is made in the same shape and size of the concave mouth.form.
From the shape of the shape, the toll -end mortise is non -rectangular, which is characterized by the narrowness of the roots (the back of the tenon) and the width of the end (front of the mortise).This form allows the tenon and the mouth to be installed only from top to bottom. After installation, the connection is reliable and not easy to lean to the tenon, which is conducive to the stability of the wooden frame, and it also reflects the wisdom of ancient artisans.
Snapon Tortal Installation Schematic (Figure/Weekly)
The coordination role realizes the excellent seismic resistance of tenon -and -mortise nodes.Before the earthquake, the tenon -and -mortise node is in a static state.During the earthquake, the pillar feet rise will cause the column body to lean, and the relative deformation is generated with the ejaculation. A relative squeezing movement is generated between the tenon and the mouth of the mouth, and it is significantly obvious as the pillar rises increases.A relative pulling movement between the mouth of the cricket and gradually returned to the initial position, and the tenon and the mouth of the mouth are always maintained.With the swaying of the column frame, the column top tenon and the mouth are continuously squeezed -the coordination movement of pulling out, and because the number of tenon -and -mortise nodes is large, it will also consume more energy, which is conducive to reducing the earthquake to the structure of the structure to the structure.harm.After the earthquake, as the pillar feet were reset, the tenon -and -mortise nodes also basically resumed the original state, and the structure remained stable.
The mortal status schematic diagram of the tenon-and-mortise node (picture/weekly)
Warm and preventing harm
The wonderful use of Chinese herbal medicine
Flip the surface of the wooden base layer on the indoor walls, doors and windows, ceiling, etc., uses protective materials such as sticky paste, silk cloth and other protective materials, which can not only warm up and prevent dust, but also play a gorgeous decorative effect.One of the ways.However, because wooden boards, paper, and cloth are rich in cellulose, semi -cellulose, and lignin, and there are a variety of nutrients contained in the flour contained in the paste, which are the source of foods of the martial arts. ThereforeWorm.
According to records, the East Nuan Pavilion of Yangxin Hall in the Forbidden City, the indoor ceiling and wall plate of Jiyun Tower have appeared.Put the oil first, and then re -confuse the paper (after the papermaking technique of Chinese paper to North Korea, the North Korean people use the painting and painting paper made of their own raw materials), and use alum, Mu Mu (biē), Huang Bai, Qin Yan (jiāo) and other Chinese herbs and other Chinese herbsWait for insect pests.
These Chinese herbal medicines are used for insect management for mounting projects. The mechanism may be insecticated by the chemical composition contained in the Chinese medicine itself, or the interaction of different Chinese herbal medicine ingredients.The chemical principles of Chinese herbal medicines include paralysis, excitement, insect body, killing insect body, and inhibiting insect body cell metabolism.
Indoor mounting (pictured/weekly) in the inner court area of the Forbidden City
BeijingThe central axis is not only the backbone of Beijing, but also the perfect crystallization of traditional Chinese culture and scientific spirit.From the rigorous layout of the Forbidden City to the majestic momentum of Tiananmen, from the precise timing of the Drum Tower to the melodious bells of the bell tower, when we follow this invisible but powerful line, we can feel the shocking heart every time we stop.Power.Every brick here contains deep scientific wisdom and aesthetics, like a chronicle that spans thousands of years, telling the progress and glory of human civilization.
Written article | Zhou Qian
Responsible editor | Wang Jiaxuan Zhang LihanOperation Editor | Zhang Lihan
Quality Audit | Industry Lei
❖ Source: "Knowledge is Power" magazine
"The Sciences of the Mid -Axis Building of Time and Space Walking Millennium "❖
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