Foreword
In 1840, in order to sell opium in China, the British drove the warship to Guangzhou Sea.Forced Beijing, the Qing government was forced to sign the "Nanjing Treaty", lost 21 million white silver, cut Hong Kong, and Kowloon to Britain.
In the past 100 years, the powers oppressed, the warlords were fighting, the people did not talk about life, and their lives were like grass mustard.In order to survive, a large number of people chose to escape from their hometown and exile in other countries.
Most of these fugitives are not language, they only plant fish, and they have no legal identity. When they reach foreign countries, they can only do the lowest jobs and survive.
These generations of immigrants who have been in other hometown can be called refugees. How can they find it?What about todays life?
Opium War
In order to detect these issues, photographer Liu Bozhi has beenWandering all over the world and using the lens to record the lives of Chinese immigrants at the bottom of the world. Now, let us follow him for more than 50 years, and see the lives of these underlying Chinese people.
1. Go to Guohuai Township
People often sayIt will not be able to vote for another place in the local area, and after the old age, the leaves are also the most ideal destination for the Chinese people.But these immigrants who escaped abroad during the war period during the war, because of their international situation and their own economic difficulties, few people could return to the countryside and return their leaves.
Especially when Liu Bozhi started shooting in the 1970s, the entire continent was tightly blocked.
Liu Bozhi
Chinese people who cannot go home can only use their own way, onlyWhen you miss the hometown in the distance, they retain the customs of their hometown, set up incense cases for the ancestral tablets, paste the year painting, use the yellow calendar, and pass the Spring Festival.
In addition, Liu Bozhi found that each Chinese kitchen has a very thick solid wood cutting board. This is the habit ofSilicone -made cutting board, which shows that in the production of food, they also retain the habit of Chinese food.
In 1976, Liu Bozhi met a old overseas Chinese in San Francisco. Lin Bo went to sea during the Anti -Japanese War.When I had a lot of money, I followed. I didnt expect this to break the audio with my family.
In order to return to the hometown to reunite with loved ones, Lin Bo will go to see the news relatedFull of related newspapers.
News from Lin Bos home wall
But in 1976, China and the United States folkBefore the formation of navigation, Lin Bos dream dream has to wait for a long time.
Second, the Chinese seal of Cuba
Among the Chinese groups of various countries taken by Liu Bozhi, Cuban Chinese are the most special because they treat themselves to themselvesThe ancestors of the Chinese, and the old country who had never met, all performed very much love and respect, which was not seen by Chinese people elsewhere in other places.
Moreover, most Cuban Chinese are mixed, and some are just the Cuban orphans raised by the Chinese, but due to the love with China, they have a kindness to this country to have a kindness to this country.It is honored to have Chinese descent for them.
For Ms. He Qiulan, who came to Cuba with Liu Bozhis first come to Cuba.
Ho Qiulans mother and the adoptive fathers marriage photo
For the bloodline, He Qiulan is completely a oneWhite, her ancestors have nothing to do with China, but China has become her spiritual mother country. This identity comes from her adoptive father.
Her mother gave birth to her when she was 16 years old, but her father died before it was not long.But the businessman died two years later, and the mother and daughter fell on the street again.
At this time, the man who affected He Qiulans life, her adoptive fathers bid appeared, and the square label accepted the two mothers and daughters, and gave He Qiulans most authentic Chinese education.
After Liu Bozhi communicated with her for a while, she felt that although the lady was different from her skin color, she was like a local Chinese woman., Boiled good dishes, values are no different from the Chinese.
16-year-old He Qiulan
In her career choice, she also found a piece andChinese traditional culture is the deepest occupation -singing, yes, He Qiulan is the flower dan of the local Cantonese opera group, all kinds of classic dramas, such as "White Snake Biography" and "Emperor Flowers", she can also open her mouth.
This is also affected by the adoptive fathers target. Fang Biao loves to listen to the show, and he will take He Qiulan to watch the show with He Qiulan. He Qiulan also likes the opera.Therefore, at the age of eight, Fang Biao sent her into the theater to learn art, and later became the head of the drama class.
Because of the education of adoptive father, He Qiulan has always regarded herself as the inner Chinese. When she is old, she has always had a wish to return to the hometown to worship ancestors to see her spiritThe foundation is located.
Liu Bozhi was moved by the old mans roots, so he decided to help her fulfill this wish.For this reason, he spent nearly a year, on the one hand to raise funds, on the other hand, to find the ancestral home of the square.
He Qiulan arrived in the Fangjiazu tomb
In 2011, he completed all preparation work, Sent the old man He Qiulan to the plane to Guangdong in China. After landing, the elderly He Qiulan rushed to the ancestral grave of Fangbiao. Although she had no blood relationship, she presented a song "Selling Flowers".
In Cuba, there are many situations like Ms. He Qiulan being adopted by immigrants.It was very deep. When talking about the dead adoptive father, the bosss eyes could not help crying.
The reason why they did not talk about the Chinese in Cuba because when Liu Bozhi had been in Cuba in Cuba in 2009, the number of local Chinese was very small. Since the 1960s,People have been sharply reduced to more than 100.
This is because the relationship between the Cuban government and China is good, so the Chinese here do not need to find the way home like Europe and the United States. Most people are after reform and opening up.After returning to China, some elderly people did not go back, and they felt ashamed to the family.
For example, Elder Huang Mingda, he left the mainland in 49 years, and he has never been back since then, similar to Lin Bo mentioned above, heThere are also wives and children in the family, but after so many years, they have not been mixed with any famous halls, and they are ashamed to see their wives and children.
When Liu Bozhi asked him what he wanted to give his family, he said with tears: "Cuba is difficult, life is difficult, nothing can be said."
Three, Conclusion
Some friends may think that these generations of immigrants choose to leave China, that is not Chinese, thenCrime is deserved.
But if you understand it, what is the refugee who escapes in the desert?The mainland can run to the neighboring provinces, and most of the fishermen in the sea are only choosing the nearest road to them. After all, in order to live, they did not sell the interests of the motherland.
In addition, they did not forget their identity of their Chinese people. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Nanyang Chinese actively raised them in China, and a large number of young people returned to China to fight against Japan to resist Japan.This means that the older generation of Chinese has not forgotten the book, and they are still Chinese in their bones.
As Liu Bozhi said: "We Chinese people must focus on the Chinese problems. If we Chinese do not pay attention to these, others will not pay attention."
