Breeding and childcare is not a simple decision. For some people, even if you are determined to ask for children, the process is full of hardships. The emergence of auxiliary reproductive technology has made many husbands and wives who failed natural conception fulfilling their dreams of parents , the pioneer of this type of technology, Robert G. Edwards, also won 2010 in 2010Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Robert Edwelize.org
However, on February 16, 2024, the Alabama Supreme Court ruling on a case, the provider and participants of the entire state auxiliary reproductive technology as the opponent , It has also caused many controversy in the United States.Frozen embryo = children?
The origin of this lawsuit is actually not much related to the technology of auxiliary reproduction itself.In December 2020, a patient who broke into the maternity clinic without permission took out several embryos from the low -temperature storage room. The extremely low preservation temperature quickly gave a lesson of the "stealing person". At the same time, glassware equipped with embryoIt also crushed on the floor. These embryos lost the possibility of developing a fetus.
Subsequently, the embryo owner who was affected by the embryo filed a prosecutors death clinic and the death of juvenile deaths to the court.Litigation.The lawsuit was rejected in the primary court because fertilized eggs did not meet the definition of children.
However, in the subsequent appeal, the Alabama Supreme Court ruled the embryo owner to win the lawsuit. The court believes that the embryos born of artificial fertilization are not essentially different from children. Its chief judges are quoted (San) According to the classics, bluntly: "Even before birth, all humans have the image of God and life cannot be destroyed, otherwise Gods glory will be wiped out."
Alabama Supreme Court judgment: Frozen embryo is "children" 丨 npr/n
This judgment is uproar in the United States. "Is the fertilized eggs be regarded as a person" and "when the life starts formally" ... This kind of medical ethics issues that are originally controversial, once again caused fierce discussions due to accidental cases.
Auxiliary reproductive technology
does not mean that it can be successfully delivered smoothly
Before discussing right or wrong, before the conclusion, we may wish to briefly understand the various stages of human embryonic development, as well as the use of auxiliary reproductive technology.
From fertilized eggs to fetal delivery, it takes about 266 days. The whole process can be divided into early embryo, embryo and fetal period.From the end of the embryo to the embryo period, the fertilized eggs will develop as a fetus that has begun to take shape.The appearance characteristics and length of the embryo also continue to change with the increase in the number of weeks.
The appearance characteristics and length of the embryo also continue to change with the increase of the week.9th edition of textbooks)
Under normal circumstances, sperm and eggs meet in the fallopian tube.bed.However, in some cases, the structure or function of fallopian tubes or sperm, eggs, etc. is abnormal, which makes this process unable to complete the process. This is why many couples have difficulty in giving birth.
Development of fertilized eggs 丨 Original map: "Merhado diagnosis and treatment manual"
When it is difficult to complete naturally, it is time to play a role in the auxiliary reproductive technology. In practical applications, the auxiliary reproductive technology is mainly divided into artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization-embryo transplantation, and various derivative technologies.
Under normal circumstances, the process of in vitro fertilization technology includes using hormones to promote ovulation, collect eggs and sperm, sperm -ejaculate incubation, or inject sperm in the ovarian cytoplasm.The successful and qualified fertilized eggs can be transplanted in the uterus to develop further. In this case, the embryo after the in vitro fertilization was destroyed during the preservation process before the application.
But just like the N medical problems that human beings cannot solve temporarily, Even with the blessing of auxiliary reproductive technology, there are still cases of pregnancy failure. SuccessPregnancy does not mean that the fetus can be delivered smoothly .Data show that in 2021, 112088 individuals who were pregnant with auxiliary reproductive technology had only 91,906 cases of successful delivery, and the abortion rate was about 18%.
In 2021, 112088 individuals who were pregnant with auxiliary reproductive technology in the United States, only 91906 cases were successfully delivered.P>
For the consideration of the success rate of embryo transplantation, doctors in the auxiliary reproductive room generally prepare multiple embryo selection of excellent transplantation .Patients may also need to accept multiple rounds of embryo transplant until they are successful.
When the implantation is successful and the baby is successfully born, or after abandoning the transplantation, the place where the "spare tire" fertilized eggs need to be determined by the provider and doctors.
Under normal circumstances, these excess fertilized eggs can choose to freeze and save them in the future, donate to those in need, donate to research institutions or directly destroy.
The original specified process
Facing the challenge due to this judgment
Alabama PrefectureWhen the Supreme Court was announced, the anti -abortion group in the United States stated that it supported the judgment.The White House spokesman blamed this incident on the previous "Luojevel Case" judgment, and criticized Republican officials to hinder women from getting fertility -related services.
No one is absolute, no one can guarantee the success rate of 100%of the embryo transplantation. Once a failure is failed, do the doctor have the possibility of being sued for loss?"The good embryo is delivered in, why is it gone?" The shadow cast by this big black pot is inevitably hovering in the minds of the practitioners.
According to news reports, At present, there are already hospitals in Alabama.And some patients began to consult whether the frozen embryo could be transferred to the field.
Auxiliary reproductive technology is originally a technology that costs not low and time -consuming.Under the influence of such judgments, medical institutions are based on the development of self -protection suspension technology, or to reduce the number of embryos prepared in the early stage of preliminary embryo. will greatly discount the treatment effect of this technology .People with demand can only go to other states and even countries to obtain the difficulty and increase of medical resources. For this reason, the innocent people with fertility needs are afforded.And if this judgment finally takes effect, how to deal with the additional "frozen life" in the state will become complicated.
As of now, the debate about this incident has continued. In this era, no matter how ridiculous concepts can be found on the Internet, people can not only express their own opinions, but also publish their own version of the "facts", and sometimes the argument with the wrong argument is sometimes so weak.
But as Alders Huxley said, the facts will not be repeated because of being ignored.Below the relevant reports, a message from the comment area has spoken the voices of many people:
A high praise in the comment area belowMessage 丨 artechnica.com
"When the rules maker do not understand science or understand creatures, they will eventually make crazy decisions. They do not care about the way of things, nor do they care about how they have misleading views. Religious people have the right to have their own opinions, but when their opinions and reality conflict, the reality should win out.. "
Reference Information
1.https: //www.nobelprize.org/prizes/Medicine/2010/Summary/
2.https: //Arstechnica.com/science/2024/02/frozen-embryos-children- -Cacording- ALabamas-sup REME-Court/
3.https: //www.npr.org/2024/02/20/1232815486/Alabama-court-Frozen- Embryos
4. "History and Embryo", Peoples Health Publishing House, 9th edition
5.https: //www.msdmanuals.com/home/womenen-S-health-Issues/Normal-Pregnation/Stages-OF-DEVELOPMENT-OF-FETUS6.http: //www.nhc.cn/fys/S6546/201302/0ddf1E86BC5A41908F1E6B4D6C4B5DD0.SHTML
7.https: //edition.cnn.com/2024/02/as/ALABAMA- Embryo-law -ruling-supreme-call/index.html
p id = "2GMV4R96"> 8.https: //nccd.cdc.gov/drh_art/rdpage.aspx? rdreport = DRH_ART.CLINICINFO & Amp; rdrequestForward = True & AM p; P; 9999 & amp; shownational =1Author: Zha Mingming
Editor: Li Xiaoqiu, You Zhixuan
Cover:Tuwa Creative
