Speaking of titanium alloy, is your first impression tall, and the 60mm mortar, many peoples first reactions are, 呦, 呦, 呦, 呦, 呦, 呦, Are you still alive?
But there are two things that seem to be unsatisfactory, but they are combined by our military workers. This is the front. Soon the official media just disclosed the new 60mm mortar-PBP-201.
What is the special of this cannon?
From the appearance, the most obvious feature of this gun is that it is different from the black paint black or coated green paint mortar. It is the primary color of the metal.
The reason why this is because this gun uses a large amount of titanium alloy, which is also its most striking highlight, although the gun continues The basic structure of the traditional mortar body tube (including strike engine), stent, and bottom sheet, but the large amount of titanium alloy material has greatly reduced the weight of the entire gun to only 8.5 kg, compared to the previous generation 89 type 89 With Type 93, the weight loss effect is significant, it is very suitable for plateau operations, which can be called "print artifact".
The traditional mortar full weight of the entire weight of the entire weight is on the seat, like a 93-type 60mm mortar with a total weight of 22.4 kg. The sheet weighs 7.3kg, and the seat sheets made of titanium alloy are more than 50%lighter than the traditional steel seat plate, and the strength is completely sufficient.
▲ 93 type 60mm mortar
Generosa, seat plates, barrels, cannons, etc., but why do we not need such a good material before?This is mainly because titanium alloy materials are too difficult to process.
Titanium alloy has the characteristics of high strength, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and anti-fatigue. Mechanical performance is close to metal materials such as steel and aluminum alloy at room temperature. The cutting force during processing is only slightly higher than the steel with the same hardness. However, the physical phenomenon of processing titanium alloy is much more complicated than processing steel.
The thermal guidance rate of most titanium alloys is very low, only 1/7 of the steel and 1/16 of the aluminum, which leads to During processing, the heat generated by the cutting titanium alloy will not be passed to the workpiece or is taken away by dandruff.
Instead, it is gathered in the cutting area, which can generate as high as 1 000 ° C. When cutting, it is easy to produce dandruff tumors, resulting in sticky knife phenomenon. When cutting into the workpiece again, the sticky dandruff was touched and took away the material of a small piece of tool, so that the blade mouth of the tool was quickly worn and cracking, which caused more heat to generate more heat and further shorten the life of the tool.
At the same time, the high temperature generated during the cutting process also destroys the surface integrity of the titanium alloy parts, which reduces the geometric accuracy and severe fatigue strength, which will cause the material to soften, deform or deform or deform or deform or deform or deform or deform or deform or deform Burning.
The elasticity of titanium alloy is also very good. Although this is a good thing for parts, but during the cutting process, the elastic deformation of the workpiece is deforming in the cutting process It will produce vibration.
The cutting pressure causes the "elastic" workpiece to leave the tool and rebound, so that the friction phenomenon between the tool and the workpiece is greater than the cutting effect, especially when it is processed with thin walls or ring shapes such as easy deformation parts. As the workpiece material is pushed away by the tool, the local deformation of the thin wall will exceed the elastic range to produce plastic deformation, and the strength and hardness of the cutting point increase significantly.
If it is also processed at this time according to the original cutting speed, it will cause the knife to wear sharply on the one hand, and on the other hand, a shock knife will cause a shock knife to cause the knife The parts of the parts are prone to tooth -shaped ripples, the surface quality cannot be guaranteed, and it is easy to cause the friction process to produce heat, and it is even more important to titanium alloy and thermal conductivity.
In addition, the chemical liverants of titanium alloy have high chemical activity, and have high reactivity to common gases and liquids such as oxygen, nitrogen and water. In the processing environment of high temperature and high energy, titanium alloy is easy to react with the oxygen and nitrogen in the surrounding environment to form oxides or nitrogen -molten films.
These membranes will be attached to the surface of the material to harden the surface of the workpiece, increase the friction resistance in the processing process, increase the difficulty of processing, it is easy Break knife.
The chip shape generated during cutting titanium alloy is special, usually long -wire or spiral, and it is not easy to break and discharge.This can cause the blockage of the cutting tool and the difficulty of the cutting fluid to discharge smoothly, which in turn affects the stability and efficiency of processing.
So the weight loss material that looks excellent is actually a hard-rooted hard bone for countries with so strong industrial foundation. EssenceSince the discovery of titanium in 1790, human beings have carried out a century of hard exploration in order to obtain its extraordinary performance.
In 1910, the human body made a metal titanium for the first time, but the road of application later was extremely difficult and long. Until now, only China, the United States, Russia, and Japan have the entire industrial chain production capacity of titanium.
▲ The Soviet Union used titanium alloy to create nuclear submarines
titanium is not scarce on the earth, Among the ten -kilometer -thick layers on the surface of the earth, it contains six titanium, 61 times more than copper, and the content in the crust is ranked tenth. The titanium divided into titanium is only very difficult to extract and process, and it is only called rare metal.According to statistics, as of the end of 2022, the worlds proven titanium ore reserves have approximately 749 million tons, of which China accounts for 230 million tons, which It accounted for 30.7%, ranking first in the world, and the Panxi area is the most abundant area of titanium resources in China.-
Since the industrialization production of titanium and titanium alloy in the 1950s, the United States and the Soviet Union have begun to pay attention and study their applications in weapons. In the year, the American weapon industry titanium reached 57 tons.
Like the M28 120mm Crox -free scrap guns made in 1950 in the United States in 1950 Start batch production, equipped with infantry battalions, paratroopers, mechanized infantry battalions, tank battalions and airborne divisions.
Chinas titanium industry started in the 1950s.At that time, with the rise of the aviation industry, the demand for light and high -intensity materials was increasingly urgent. Titanium alloy gradually attracted the attention of domestic researchers with its unique performance advantages.
In 1954, China first carried out titanium mining in the Great Temple area of Chengde, and the titanium concentrate was used to obtain the production of metals. The basic raw materials required by titanium, the Institute of Nonferrous Metal Comprehensive of the Ministry of Industry of the Ministry of Industry also began to explore the sponge titanium preparation test at this time.
In 1956, the state listed titanium as a strategic metal into the 12 -year development plan. Titanium production workshop.
The following year, the first batch of sponge titanium industrial products was produced with magnesium heat reduction method. 60 tons of sponge titanium.At this point, the gap in my countrys sponge titanium industry.
▲ ▲ Pan Gangs first sponge titanium
In the 1960s and 1970s, in the 1960s Under the unified planning of the country, more than 10 sponge titanium production units represented by Zunyi Titanium plant have been built. In 1967, the first Chinese titanium pipe stick processing material production test workshop and second article were established in the Luoyang copper processing plant in 1967. The titanium board band material production test workshop, the Lord assumed the first domestic nuclear submarine, the first missile destroyer and the trial development task of titanium materials for aviation.
China has also become the fourth country with a complete titanium industrial system after the United States, former Soviet Union and Japan in the 1970s. Around 1980, Chinas sponge titanium output reached 2,800 tons.
At that time, through independent research and development and innovation, China successfully mastered key technologies such as smelting, processing and heat treatment of titanium alloy, and began to study the application of titanium alloy in weapon manufacturing.
The like TC9 titanium alloy manufacturing anti-tank missile steering gear and frame with an antipyretic state, 85-type hyper guns made with TC4 titanium alloy In order to facilitate processing, it was replaced by refined ZTC4 alloy in order to facilitate processing.
The 02 type 14.5 mm high-firing machine gun developed in 2002, which uses a large amount of titanium alloy material. Formula 14.5 high machine weight has been reduced by 46%. It is the worlds first titanium alloy machine gun and the only large -caliber machine gun in the world to date.
China also applies titanium alloy materials to large-caliber artillery, like the AH-4 grenade of the benchmarking American M777 grenade, The proportion of titanium alloys is 10%. Through comprehensive weight loss design, the gun weight stabilizes at 4.2 tons during the setting, which is only 300 kg weighs than all M777 grenades made of titanium alloy.
In addition to the manufacturing weapon, China even distributed a 19th titanium kettle for the border defense forces in 2019. The precious metal actually used a large -scale kettle.
Who said such a thing, who can do it except we are called "Industrial Cisu"?Is it even more important to use a 60mm mortar with a titanium alloy to make a 60mm mortar?
