Score charge
Electronics It is the basic unit of electricity, a negative charge of an electron -this is the "common sense" that we know since middle school. In most materials in nature, the facts are indeed the case.However, under the special material, the charge carried by electronics can be scores smaller than the unit charge, which is as if electrons are split into smaller particles in some way, and each particle is carried.Part of the charge of the electron.
In the past, physicists have observed the so -called " Smart Hall effect " through experiments.However, most of them are observed under the very powerful and carefully maintained magnetic field .The number of sub -Hall effects that do not need to apply an additional magnetic field is called " Metering Quantic Hall effect ".
In a new research published in the "Nature" magazine, the physics led by Professor LONG JU of MITFamily team, in an unexpected material- Five-layer , this elusive effect was observed.
Sub -quantity Hall effect
Sub -quantity Hall effect is a strange quantum phenomenon.This phenomenon will occur when the particles change from a single particle behavior to a overall collective behavior.
This collective "related" behavior appears in a special state, for example, when electrons change from ordinary high -speed exercise to slow exercise, they can "perceive" each other and and and they can "perceive" each other, and and they can "perceive" each other and and and of each other. Interaction occurs.These interactions can produce a rare electronic state, such as the division of electronic charge.
"Score charge" is a very rare phenomenon. If you can successfully capture and control this strange electronic state, you may create recoverable, faulty quantum quantum quantum quantum,computer.The "no magnetic field" divided quantum anomalous Hall effect opened up new prospects for topological quantum computing. The topology part can provide additional protection for quantum bits when performing calculation.
In 1982, scientists found a score -quantitative Hall effect in the heterogeneous structure of gallium arsenide: At that time, scientists were applied to the magnetic field of 10 times the magnetic resonance imaginger by applying intensity.To slow down the speed of electrons in the material and enable them to interact.They observed that the electrons in the materials showed a strange characteristic -electrons gathered together to form accurate particles with a unit of charge with a unit of charge.
This result surprised everyone, because there was no relevant theoretical prediction at the time.In 1998, the three physicists who made great contributions to the number of Hall effect on the number of scores also won the Nobel Prize in Physics.
The amazing discovery of graphene
In August 2023, a group of scientists at the University of Washington, named the second -classificationFor the first time of molybdenum, this is observed for the first time of the quantum abnormal Hall effect that does not require high magnetic field control.
In the same month, the dragon and his team also observed signs of abnormal score charge, but they were observed in graphene .Graphene is a material with many special characteristics.The dragons team studies a structure composed of Five -layer graphene layer stacked. Each layer deviates slightly with each other, just like the steps on the stairs.
This five -layer graphene structure is embedded in graphite and can be obtained through transparent tape.In ultra -low temperature environments, the electrons in this structure will become very slow and interact in a way that usually does not appear at high temperatures.
Sub-quantity Hall effect usually appears under a very strong magnetic field.In new studies, physicists observed this phenomenon in simple graphene.In a Moore hyper -crystal composed of a five -layer graphene and six -way boron nitride (HBN), the electron (blue ball) has a strong interaction, showing that they seem to be charged by split components.(Figure/Sampson WilcoX, RLE VIA MIT News)
In the new research work, the dragons team first carried out some calculations and found that if this five layers of graphene structures are usedAlign with Boron -nitride (HBN), and the interaction between electrons may be stronger.Six -square boron -nitride is a material that has a similar atomic structure that is similar to graphene but has a slightly different size.When the two are combined, it should be able to generate a Moore super crystal , which is a complex, an atomic structure similar to scaffolding..
After completing the calculation, the researchers began to study this strange electronic behavior through experiments.
First of all, they peel off the graphene layer from a graphite, and then use the optical tool to identify the five layers of thin pieces in the ladder structure.Then, they pressed the graphene thin slices on the hexagonal boron -nitride sheet, and placed a six -square boron -nitride tablet on the graphene.Finally, they connect the electrode to this structure and place them in an environment close to absolute zero.
When they applied the current to this material and measured the output voltage, the characteristics of the score charge began to appearAnd some basic physical constants .This shocked researchers.Through further analysis, researchers have confirmed that the graphene structure does show a quantic abnormal Hall effect.
New prospects
This result surprises all researchers.Prior to this, physicists did not even expect that it could show this effect.This discovery will bring new hope to the development of some quantum technology and help physicists explore many basic physical concepts and applications.
# Creative team:
Compilation: Xiaoyu
Types: Wenwen
# Reference Source:
https://news.mit.edu/2024/electrons-beCome-FRAPHENE-Study-Finds-0221
"> # Picture Source:Cover & amp;
