As we all know, the United States is the country with the most powerful technology and military strength in the world. It has the worlds most technology giants, such as Google, and Amazon.The United States has made huge breakthroughs in the field of artificial intelligence, biotechnology and aerospace, and has a world -leading position in innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems.
However, China has risen rapidly in recent years, which has brought great impact on the world, and even surpassed the United States in many aspects.And there is a trend: the gap between the United States leading China is shrinking, and the gap between China leading the United States is expanding.
Today, we will take stock 5 of the industrial areas that the United States lags behind China , see how many you know.
No.1 production and processing of rare earth materials
ChinaIt is the worlds largest rare earth producer, controlling about 70%to 80%of global rare earth production and 85%of rare earth processing capabilities, including the mining and refining of important rare earth elements such as 镧, 铈 and 钕.The industry has always been known as "there is oil in China and Africa, and China has rare earth".Rare earth is known as the "mother of new materials", and is widely used in the most cutting -edge high -tech fields such as new energy, optics, aerospace, etc., which is a precious strategic resource.
Since 2011, China ’s rare earth patent applications have exceeded the sum of other countries in the world each year.Compared with other countries in the world, Chinas application is accelerating -increased by 250%from 2011 to 2018.Chinese companies can destroy or abolish existing non -Chinese patents through legal strategies such as patent litigation and patent blockade.
The United States mainly relies on Chinas supply. Even if the United States is mining rare earth, it will be sent to China to process.For example, the US mountain blunt ore is the only main rare earth mine in the United States, but its refined rare earth minerals still need to be sent to China for further processing.
In 2019, the output of rare earth ore in the United States was 26,000 tons, and the sold to China reached 19,353 tons, accounting for 74%.According to a report on rare earth materials issued by the 2016 U.S. government accountability, the United States may take 15 years to build a domestic rare earth supply chain.
Regarding rare earth, there is also worth noting that in the "China Prohibited Export Restricted Export Technology Catalog" after the revised export restrictions released by China on December 21, ChinaUse technology to prohibit exports.In response to this solution, it means that China cuts the negative impact on strategic enemies through technical means.Especially for the United States, the defense industry "tough industrial chain".Therefore, it is undoubted that a countrys control of rare earth technology has become a key national strategy.
NO.2 太阳能光伏板制造
中国，It is the worlds largest solar board manufacturing country, such as Longji shares, Jingke Energy and other companies in the global market.
Last year, my countrys photovoltaic industry maintained quality increased quality, solar cell output increased by 54%over the previous year, and the global patent application volume was 126,400, ranking first in the world; The capacity of the installation machine is equivalent to the global new solar installed capacity in 2022.
From the past raw materials, equipment, and market "three heads outside", to now have nearly half of the worlds photovoltaic power generation capacity and moreDevelopment.
Chinas production scale and cost control capabilities are leading internationally.
The scale of the solar board manufacturing industry in the United States is small and the cost is higher. For exampleEssenceTaking the price of solar modules statistics in December 2023 as an example, Chinas cost is $ 0.15/watt, which is far lower than India ($ 0.22/watt), Europe ($ 0.30/watt) and the United States ($ 0.40/watt).This means that components made in China are 50%cheaper than components produced in Europe and 62.5%cheaper than the components produced by the United States.
Today, China controls more than 80%of the global solar panel supply chain, while the United States almost does not produce components required for solar panels.Therefore, in order to effectively compete with China in the field of solar panel manufacturing, the United States is prioritizing its supply chain, which is basically built from scratch.At present, solar power generation in the United States is less than half of China, and nearly four -fourth of the solar panels installed in the United States are from Chinese companies.
Because in recent years, Chinas investment in solar manufacturing is almost ten times the total of the United States and the European Union, and of the top ten solar manufacturers in the world, seven are China.There is only one in the United States.This obvious difference is reflected in the energy structure of various countries.According to data from the US Energy Intelligence Agency (EIA), solar power generation accounted for 12%of the total power generation capacity of China, while in the United States, it only accounts for about 3.4%of the total power generation capacity.
No.3 High-speed railway construction and operation
high-speed railway As an important infrastructure and strategic investment in my country, its construction speed and scale are preferred in the world.
China has the longest high -speed railway network in the world, exceeding 45,000 kilometers. Chinas high -speed rail has reached the worlds leading level in terms of technology, operating efficiency and cost control.
As of the end of 2023, China has built 42 high -speed railways of 300 to 350 kilometers per hour, totaling 19,772 kilometers; 77 passenger lines and trunk railways at the speed of 200-250 kilometers per hour, totaling 24,705 kilometers of 24,705 kilometers.; The speed of 200 to 250 kilometers per hour is 15 urban railway, with a total of 852 kilometers.So far, the actual high -speed railway mileage in mainland China has a total mileage of 45,329 kilometers, exceeding the 45,000 kilometers.
Today, my country will launch an eye -catching high -speed rail project, that is, connecting Inner Mongolia and Hainan, and the Baohai high -speed rail that runs through 7 provinces in the east and central parts of my country.This 2300 kilometers of high -speed railway will become the longest high -speed rail route in the world, marking a new high in my countrys high -speed rail construction.
and the development of high -speed railways in the United States is relatively slow, with only a few lines, such as the California high -speed railway project under construction, and the progress is slow.You know, as early as 2008, California residents agreed to invest 9 billion U.S. dollars to build the first high -speed railway in the United States. This railway crossed the central valley and could connect Southern California and Northern California within 160 minutes.
However, this anticipated high -speed rail project is expected to be delayed and delayed. It was originally expected to be opened to traffic before the 2028 Los Angeles Olympics, but it is estimated to be realized until 2030.
And the construction of the California railway is likely to end up with the increasing budget issues.In 2008, the United States planned to complete the railway in 2020, with an estimated cost of $ 33 billion.In the planned plan last year, the valuation of the high -speed rail soared to $ 113 billion.
It can be said that the development of the United States in this field is still in the initial stage.
No.4 e-commerce and digital payment platform
> China is the worlds largest e -commerce market. Since the implementation of the E -Commerce Law in 2019, the number of e -commerce employment in my country has increased from 47 million to more than 70 million. The total e -commerce transaction volume has increased from 3.163 trillion yuan in 2018 to 2022 in 2022 4383 trillion yuan.
At the same time, my country has become the worlds largest online retail market for 11 consecutive years. E -commerce has become the largest part of the development scale in the digital economy, the most widely covered, and the most active entrepreneurial innovation.
my country has powerful e -commerce giants, such as Alibaba and JD.com, and widely used digital payment systems, such as Alipay and WeChat payment.
At present, Chinas e -commerce platform mainly includes the following:
Ali: Taobao, Tmall, Alibaba.
Tencent: Pinduoduo, JD.com, Xiaohongshu, Vipshop, Meituan, etc.
Others: Douyin, Kuaishou, Suning Online, Koala, etc.
The three e -commerce trading platforms in the Ali system are all 100%belonging to the Ali Group.
and Tencent, more refers to the form of Tencent through investment, holding, etc., and indirectly participated in the e -commerce platform in the form of WeChat and other traffic injection.
Although the United States has an e-commerce giant such as , the United States is far less than China in terms of mobile payment and e-commerce as a whole.
No.5 UAV manufacturing and application
>Under the current world military trend, future wars and conflicts will develop in the direction of inhumration and intelligence, and drones will be widely used in many fields in future operations.
China is a global leading position in consumer machines and commercial drones. Taking DJ%Global market.In 2017, the U.S. military was discontinued by the United States for full use of security issues. HoweverEssence
At present, China has more than 400 drone manufacturers, and 8 of the top 13 consumer drone brands in the world are Chinese brands.In terms of business applications, the performance of Chinese drone manufacturers is also quite eye -catching.The five most popular business maps in the world are surveying and mapping drones. Although they look different models, they are all products in DJI.
Although the United States has a lead in military drone technology, the high -end military drone developed by it accounts for 70%of the global market share, but in commercial and consumer -level dronesIn the market, achievements are not as good as China.
In recent years, Chinas drones are far ahead in terms of performance, technology, type, and advanced level.It has completely achieved the curve overtaking; but in the field of military drones, we have to admit that there is still a certain gap with the United States, but overall can be said to be parallel.This does not affect Chinas exports of 11 countries across the country from 2008 to 2018 in the military drone field, and occupying the worlds first echelon share.
