Weber confirms that the supernova SN1987A leaves a neutron star.
The supernova SN1987A shot by Weber telescope.NASA / ESA / CSA < / p>
A paper published by Science magazine on the 22nd stated that with the help of James Weber Space Telescope, astronomers finally found them for 37 years.The mysterious celestial body.
In 1987, astronomers found that a supernova appeared in the Dagen Cloud Cloud of the Earth, which is far from the earth.This supernova named SN1987A is a product of a large -quality star that is equivalent to about 8 to 10 sun.
Astronomers noticed that the neutron generated by the outbreak of the SN1987A crossed the earth like a ghost, and the subsequent came was a bright flash.SN1987A is recognized as the brightest supernova in the night sky that has appeared in the past 400 years.
The outbreak of the supernova will spread a large number of elements such as carbon, oxygen, silicon, and iron to the surrounding universe space.These elements will become materials that have the next generation of stars and planets, and can even constitute the molecules needed to form life.
At the same time, the supernova explosion will also leave a dense kernel wreckage.This wreckage may be a neutron star or a black hole.Because the mysterious celestial body of the 1987A center was covered by a large amount of gas and dust, astronomers have not been sure for 37 years that the SN1987A left is a neutron or a black hole.
In theory, according to the quality of the predecessor of SN1987A, astronomers believe that it should leave a neutron star, but it cannot be ruled out that it has become a black hole because it seizes too much material and becomes a black hole.Possibility.
The neutron star is the product of the large -quality star fuel that is exhausted, due to the termination of the nuclear fusion, the radiation pressure disappears, and the kernel self -collapsed under the action of gravity.In the process of the stars kernel collapse, its outer material will be thrown into the space space, leaving a diameter of about only about a core wreckage of a medium -sized city.Although the kernel wreckage is small, its quality can be equivalent to 1 to 2 times the sun -and this is the neutron star.The super -flow that constitutes a neutron star is the most known substance in the universe.
The neutron star has the so -called simplified pressure between the neutron and does not cause further collapse.But this quantum effect does not always be able to overcome the more and more gravity caused by quality accumulation.If the quality of the supernova kernel wreckage exceeds the limit, it will further collapse into a more extreme celestial body -black hole.
The reason why astronomers cannot confirm whether the SN1987A is manufactured by a neutron or black hole, because the mysterious central celestial body is not typical in the electromagnetic radiation scores generated by the surrounding material.After the outbreak of the SN1987A, the celestial body was covered by the dense dust clouds equivalent to 0.5 sun.
In the face of Weber telescope with strong infrared observation ability, these dust clouds become almost transparent.Weber successfully obtained the latch and sulfur element from the center of SN1987A, and found that these elements exist in the state of ionization.According to researchers, these two elements can be used to ionize these two elements.According to the launch data, the researchers believe that the brightness of this neutron star is about one tenth of the sun.
But the mystery has not been completely solved.There may be two reasons for the ionization of 的 and sulfur.One is to accelerate the charged particles from high -speed rotation to the near -light speed, and then these two elements are divided by these two elements; the other isThe ultraviolet and X -rays are generated to ionize these two elements.
If it is the first situation, then there should be a pulse star (a neutron star) in the center of the SN1987A, and there should be a pulse stars around it; if it isIt is the second situation, which means that SN1987A leaves a naked neutron star, which is directly exposed to the real vacuum.The data currently mastered is not enough to distinguish it.
SN1987A shot by Hubble and Weber.哈勃/JWST
参考Emission lines due to ionizing radiation from a compact object in the remnant of Supernova 1987Ahttps://www. Science.org/Doi/10.1126/Science.adj5796
