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Hypertensive people drink cautiously ...
Written article: GrapefruitCoffee is not only the "renewal artifact" of office workers, but also a common leisure drink.It is estimated that the world consumes 2.25 billion cups of coffee every day, and coffee has become the largest drink after water.
Because coffee contains a large amount of caffeine, chinate (CGA), and other phenolic compounds, it has previously studied that coffee can reduce the level of serum cholesterol and improve endothelial function.And reduce the inflammation of female patients with diabetes.Habitat and moderate drinking coffee has a useful effect on the functions of nerve, digestion and cardiovascular system, as well as renal function.
Recently, some studies have confirmed the role of coffee on the human body.The team of Ke Chaofu, the Suzhou University of Suzhou Medical, was published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Amp; Metabolism. ATING METABOLITES, and the Risk of Cardiometabolic MultimorBidity foundCoffee or caffeine is related to the low risk of new heart metabolic disease (CM) [1].
Affordable coffee and cardiovascular metabolism are reduced
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has always been complicated with metabolic diseases. CM is an increasingly serious public health problem.Previous observation studies have shown that the intake of coffee, tea and caffeine is negatively related to the risk of individual heart metabolic diseases, but they are unclear with the correlation between CM and related biomarkers.
This forward -looking research incorporates 172,315 (for caffeine analysis) and 188,091 (tea and coffee analysis) participants from British biological sample libraries, respectively, 88,204 and 96,393168 metabolites were measured among the participants.Patients do not have any cardiac metabolic disease during the baseline.CM is defined as at least the following two cases: type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease and stroke.
Research observed that coffee, tea and caffeine intake are related to the non -linear negative negative of the risk of new CM.Compared with non-consumer or daily caffeine intake & lt; 100mg consumers, appropriate coffee (3 cups/day) or caffeine (200-300mg/d) consumers suffer from new CM risksThe lowest [95% CI: 0.519 (0.417-0.647), 0.593 (0.499-0.704)].
And, this negative relationship of coffee, caffeine and CM covers almost all disease development stages, including changing from a disease -free state to a single heart metabolic disease, and then to CM.Studies have also found that there are 80 to 97 metabolites, such as the lipid ingredients in the pole , histidine and glycoprotein, and are considered to be coffee, tea or caffeine intakeThe amount is related to the new hair CM.
2-3 cups of coffee per day can reduce CVD risk
Reduce the risk of other CVDs.
Hypertension is the main risk factor of CVD, especially among adults.A recent study shows that [2], compared with people who do not drink coffee, people who drink 2-3 cups of coffee per day are lower blood pressure, including systolic blood pressure (SBP), peripheral arterial pressure (PP), and aortic pressure (peripherals (PP), and aortic pressure (BP) and aorta PP.
The effect of coffee may be related to the existence of CGA and its role in vascular activity.In contrast, caffeine seems to have no effect on the vascular activity or blood pressure of people who habitually drink coffee.In addition, CGAs content in coffee is far less than green tea and is not resistant to high temperature, so it almost does not exist in deep roast coffee.
In order to explore whether the long -term drinking coffee affects the stiffness of the arteries, Guido Grassi and others have evaluated through the cardiovascular ankle blood vessel index (CAVI) [3].As a result, it was found that the risk of arterial stiffness was not affected in ordinary people in ordinary people.
Observation research on crowd -based people for 130,054 people shows that [4], there is negative correlation between caffeine intake and arrhythmia (maximum and minimum number of quota numbersHR = 0.6; P = 0.03).However, there is no connection between the risk of coffee consumption and healthy adults with recent research.
The crowd is enough
It is worth noting thatAlthough drinking coffee is related to the decrease in blood pressure in the long term, it may lead to a short -term increase in blood pressure. Therefore, whether the scope of coffee and coffee intake for high blood pressure patients is worthy of attention.
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Teramoto and his colleagues evaluated coffee consumption to CVD mortality for patients with hypertension and non -hypertension patientsImpact [5].Drinking coffee is related to the increase in CVD death risk of patients with level 2-3; compared with people who do not drink coffee, the risk ratio of 1 cup/day (HRS) is 0.98 (95% CI: 0.67-1.43), 1The HRS of the cup/day is 0.74 (95% CI: 0.37-1.46), and the HRS of ≥2 cups/day is 2.05 (95% CI: 1.17-3.59).
According to a new study published at the ACC ASIA 2024 conference [6], long -term daily intakeHigh and increase the risk of CVD.The study randomly evaluated healthy participants with normal blood pressure between 18-45 years (62%of men, more than 60%or more over 30 years old, and 79.3%were urban residents).Long -term caffeine intake refers to ingesting any caffeine -containing beverages every Friday, which lasts more than one year.
The results show that 19.6%of participants consume more than 400 mg caffeine (equivalent to four cups of coffee) per day.The most intake is women who are engaged in business and management and live in the city.Daily intake of 400mg caffeine will significantly affect the autonomous nervous system, and extending over time will cause heart rate to accelerate and increase blood pressure.In addition, those who consume more than 600mg of caffeine per day, their heart rate and blood pressure are very significant, and they continue to exist after three -minute step tests and five -minute rest.
A study on the American Heart Association Magazine (JAHA) states that [7], for severe hypertension patients (& gt; 160/100mmHg), drink two cups or more than two cups a dayCoffee may double the risk of cardiovascular disease.It has nothing to do with high blood pressure and level 1 hypertension (140 ~ 159/90 ~ 99mmHg).A study found that [8], among patients with hypertension, the risk of 1-2 cups of coffee per day was the lowest due to the lowest risk of death, a decrease of 5.7%.
These studies suggest that for patients with severe hypertension, a large amount of coffee should be avoided.In addition, the impact of coffee on the human body also has heterogeneity. Drinking a large amount of coffee may lead to anxiety and insomnia.A reasonable diet is an important way to control blood pressure. Compared to high -sugar drinks, coffee is a good alternative drink. Of course, it also needs comprehensive management of other healthy lifestyles.
References:
[1] lu x, zhu x, li g, et al. HabitualualualCoffee, Tea, And Caffeine Consumption, CirCulating Metabolites, and the Risk of Cardiometabolic MultimorBidity. 52.
[2] Arrigo F. G. Cicero, Federica Fogacci, Sergio dedato, et al.Self-Reported Coffee Consumption and Central and Peripheral Blood Pressure in the Cohort of the Brisighella Heart STUDY.Nutries 2023, 15 2), 312.
[3] Delloro R, Quarti-Trevano F, Facchetti R, et al. Habitual Regular Coffee Consumption and Arterial Stiffness: Data from the 3rd Pamela Survey. . 2024 SEP 16; 37 (10): 755-758.
[4] Setia Santoso LFA, NASR K, ROUMANI AM, et al. Unraveling Tea and Coffee Effects on Cardiovascular Disease ISK FACTORS: a Narrate Review. Health SCI Rep.2024 SEP 25; 7 (9): E70105.
[5] Teramoto M, Yamagishi K, Muraki I, tamakoshi a, iso h. coffee and green tesumption and card Vascular Disease MortalityAmong people with and without hypertension. J am heart assoc. 2023 Jan 17; 12 (2): e026477.
[6] https://www.acc.org/laatest-In-Cardiology/Articles/2024/08/14/16/39/Chronic-High-Consumption-IMPACTS-Heart-BP
[7] Coffee and Green Teen AConsumpting and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality AMONG PeOPLE with and Without Hypertension. , Xiang b, su x, zhou y, zhao y, Zhou x. is coffee, Tea, and Red Wine Consumption Beneficial for Individuals with Hypertension? Postgrad Med J. 2024 Jul 18; 100 (1186): 603-610.
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