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一起來了解這一特殊病例!
撰文 | 奇峰
病例介紹
患者男性,33歲,主訴“間斷四肢麻木11年,加重2天”入院。其既往史和個人史無特殊。於2009年起出現間斷四肢麻木、抽搐、乏力,多發生在勞累後,經休息可緩解,伴腹脹、怕冷、體重增加,無頭痛、頭暈、、心悸、視物模糊、腹痛、腹瀉、骨痛等不適症狀,曾口服中藥1年,未見改善。後經三甲醫院診斷為“假性甲狀旁腺功能減退症、甲狀腺功能減退症、維生素D缺乏”,平素應服“左甲狀腺素片、碳酸鈣D3片、維生素D2注射液”(劑量不固定)。
此後腹脹、怕冷、體重增加緩解,間斷四肢麻木、抽搐、乏力症狀在勞累後仍存在,程度較前減輕。一次田間幹活後再次出現四肢麻木,伴雙手抽搐、不能自主排尿約1小時,經院外門診“靜注葡萄糖酸鈣注射液10毫升”,雙手抽搐約半小時後緩解,四肢麻木較前減輕,可自主排尿。
查體:
脈搏:80次/分,血壓:123/83mmHg,身高168釐米,體重75千克,體形較胖,臉圓,雙手第5掌骨及第5指骨粗短、雙足第5蹠骨及第5趾粗短;屈伸活動正常,關節無紅腫及壓痛,關節活動不受限;雙肺呼吸音清,未聞及乾溼性囉音;心率80次/分,心律齊,各瓣膜聽診區未聞及雜音;腹部軟,全腹無壓痛;束臂加壓試驗陽性,面神經叩擊徵陽性,生理反射存在,病理反射未引出。
輔助檢查:甲狀旁腺素(PTH)94.7pg/mL。
診療過程
入院初步診斷為假性甲狀旁腺功能減退症、甲狀腺功能減退症、維生素D缺乏。入院後予高鈣低磷飲食、補充鈣劑(碳酸鈣D3 1片)、維生素D(維生素D2注射液7.5毫克二週一次)、甲狀腺素(左甲狀腺素鈉片125微克一日一次)等綜合對症治療。
血常規、尿常規、糞常規、肝功能、腎功能、電解質、心肌酶、凝血、空腹血糖、OGTT 2h血糖、心電圖、眼科會診、心臟彩超均未見明顯異常。甲狀腺彩超回報甲狀腺體積縮小,甲狀腺雙側葉回聲減低區,雙側甲狀旁腺未顯示。甲功回報提示人血清促甲狀腺素0.246mIU/L,將左甲狀腺素鈉片減量為100微克一日一次。甲狀旁腺激素回報88.1pg/mL,再次證實了診斷。
思考
針對這一患者臨床診斷提示的假性甲狀旁腺功能減退症,各位讀者根據上述診療過程,能否推斷其所患的是這一疾病的哪個分型?相關分型的臨床特點、治療措施有哪些?
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參考文獻:
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